Evocative thoughts of Motherland

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Image        There must be lots of others like myself, who have no literary pretensions, yet who enjoy and respond to poetry. Not always, in my case, for I have to confess I feel out of my depth with some kinds of modern verse.

I have the temerity to try to express my appreciation of Yvonne’s poems only because they have a quality that speaks to my heart and mind. Most of them are evocative and moving, while others bring a smile of recognition of their purport. All invite the reader to go along with the flow of memories in which the poet recaptures, with restraint, the felt experience of a particular event or time.

When our friendship first blossomed over 60 years ago, I knew Yvonne as an accomplished pianist. The gift was clearly in her fingers and her sensitive interpretation of classical music. It was only much later that the poetic impulse which must surely have been gestating within her for years, emerged to reveal this other unsuspected, latent talent so evident in her first published book, “A Divisive Inheritance,.” that was received with immediate acclaim by reviewers and readers alike..

Now, as I turn the pages of her second book of poems published quite some time after the first, I feel that the promise shown there is more than fulfilled in this volume.

Since, to some extent, we have a shared past, I feel an instant response within me to some of the memories and images she conjures us. If there is a single theme that dominates Yvonne’s work, it is the recurring emotion that thoughts of home (Sri Lanka), bring to the fore despite her having lived half her life in distant climes.

The pull of her Motherland is clearly seen, yet without cloying sentimentality or paeans of praise to its scenic beauty.

“Gone Away” is one of these. There is a touch of humour as when she recalls the tiresomeness of her brothers “monopolising the aural sensibilities with cricket scores from outer space” drove her to the fruit trees in the garden.

“……I could choose from
a prodigal bounty, glinting gold-flecked
guavas, until the gripe smote me down.”
And at the end, quite unexpectedly, the stark question:
“Who was it then who turned
our Paradise into a minefield?”

A “Portrait of Three Children” evokes a smile. I recognise the three who comprise the trio as Yvonne and the two brothers, Ronnie and Brad, who were next to her, posing for a formal photograph of childhood. Knowing the two siblings who grew up to be highly-respected adults, it is amusing to read that they were
“dressed to look like little Lord Fauntleroy.

their heads brushed `cuckoo’ with curls”.
The last stanza says it all:
“I felt like Cinderella placed between the two
but these were familiar scenarios:
for the power struggles had been clearly defined
to create our future cricket heroes.”

The several poems that hark back to childhood – “To the Waterfall”, “The Elkaduwa Road”, “Running Down Judge’s Hill”, “The Flame Trees of Uvaketawela” – strike a responsive chord in me. In “The Rains Camed to Wattegama” there is evidence of Yvonne’s gift for vivid imagery when she writes how the
“eddies and currents of the friendliest of waterfalls ran like deranged satyrs do….”.

And the same poem brings out her sensitivity to beauty even in the midst of desolation when she writes:
“………. In the
muddiest pools of the Elkaduwa Road
(indifferent to the mourning and the shadows),
there rose with a singular nonchalance, clusters
of incomparable blue, dreamlike flowers:
the water hyacinths had bloomed.”

The poem, “Harbour Lights”, written in 2010 after an evening on the terrace of the Mount Lavinia Hotel, gain captures her heart’s preoccupation with the country of her birth.

Her sensitive soul is not indifferent to the insurrections in the South and the war in the North that have devastated her land. There is the moving “Farewell to a Young Soldier” In “Non Pareil”, written after a visit to Horton Plains in 1988, a reference to the, “tiny, yellow-speckled butterflies,
compulsively dancing to their doom
in a seasonal pilgrimage to Samanalakande,” is followed by the lines:
“Today it seems that wild-eyed young men
sprouting beards and revolution
often lurk in these wooded places,
driven by the Fates & Furies to flutter
blindly forward and dash their brains,
(like the tiny yellow-speckled butterflies)
on the state’s monolithic visage”.
A poignant sonnet records in a few carefully chosen words and phrases, “A Private Funeral” (that of her husband, Charlie, in 2007):
“There was music, poetry and recorded pirith,
red roses, perfumed the space with
which we honoured the living
image of you: sufficient to remember all
life’s patterns, the days shifting illusions, the
value of impermanence.”

Another piece that spoke to my heart was “Anil’s Garden”, a spontaneous response to a friend’s garden in Cambridge where, again, the felicity of her words instantly conjures up the essence of its appeal.
“……………..An evening when
summer’s late roses burst their
velvet-coiffured heads in secret conclave”

And, “Years on, I shall return and, petal
by petal,.root by root, cell by cell,
wring out of my narrowing tunnel vision.
the edges crusting with memory’s scurf,
your Cambridge garden.”

The temptation is to linger and to quote more. I hope I have said enough to entice the reader to want to savour these poems for herself/himself. A rich reward awaits her/him.Let me end with just one more, from “Waiting for Spring” (in Geneva, 1990)

“The same hand that comes from nowhere will caress the earth’s brittle ice-edged crust, until it gives way to the fledgling debutantes:

a myriad cluster of buds from the almond’s dawn-blush to the sun’s first dazzle,
skimming the water’s frozen depths; to faint whispers from the willows
heard gathering their new-found strengths.”

 Book facts: Yvonne Gunawardena’s “Harbour Lights –More Collected Poems”. (Bay Owl, Rs.700). Reviewed by Anne Abayasekara

 

First novel from a promising writer – Estuary by Sam Bunny

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Estuary, by Australian author Sam Bunny, is a tale of people living in the shadow of war. It is an ambitious story that spans two generations and moves between Melbourne, Sri Lanka and Vietnam.
It is the story of Mac, whose father is killed in Vietnam War just days after his birth, and who is abandoned by his mother. He is raised by his uncle – who the novel simply calls Uncle – himself a Vietnam vet who bares the physical and emotional scars of his experiences there. Mac grows up and falls in love with Uluru a Sri Lankan girl with her own experiences of a different war – the civil war in Sri Lanka. Together Mac and Uluru travel to Sri Lanka during the ceasefire of the early two thousands, and begin to build a new life for themselves.
Sri Lankan readers will be particularly interested by this outsider’s view of the country. To Mac Sri Lanka is beautiful and exotic but also poisoned by war and by poverty. There are mentions of corruption at various levels of society and of the complicated politics of the country. However there are also descriptions of the generosity of poor people and of deep, lasting friendships Mac and Uluru make with some of the Sri Lankans they meet here. But then events threaten to destroy the new life they have planned….
The novel also tells the story of Uncle and Mariela, Mac’s adopted parents who meet and fall in love during the Vietnam War.
This has the feel of a first novel of a promising writer. Bunny’s writing is evocative whether describing the battlefields of Vietnam or the beaches of Sri Lanka. His characters are well drawn out and likeable. All in all it makes an entertaining read.

reviewed by Ruveka Attygalle
Estuary is published by Bay Owl Press 2011, paperback, 267 pages, Rs 1100,

I wanted to see Rushdie speak, until I didn’t – Randy Boyagoda

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‘Salman Rushdie is not coming, sir. Don’t worry, there is no problems!” He was only half-right, the young rickshaw driver guiding me through the crowded streets of the north Indian city of Jaipur. I was there in late January for the Jaipur Literary Festival, a rollicking five-day event that has been billed “the greatest literary show on Earth,” and with reason: it annually attracts tens of thousands to hear from some 200 writers gathered from around the world. Salman Rushdie was one of this year’s headliners, until festival organizers received word from Indian authorities of an assassination plot against him. Rushdie pulled out, which instigated a series of events — bizarre, depressing, disturbing, and finally, sobering — that dominated both the festival and the Indian media for days.

As it played out, this controversy exposed a welter of concerns and frustrations over the political and cultural influence that religious sectarianism, wedded to extremist populism, wields today, not just across the emerging democracies of the new Middle East, but also within India, already the world’s largest democracy. And while these concerns and frustrations inspired heated and sharp debate in Indian newspapers and news programs, attesting to the intact vibrancy of the nation’s public life, they never fully abated for many, myself included. Instead, they were reframed and tempered by a firsthand experience of the dramatic climax to this latest Rushdie affair.

Rushdie’s fraught position in his native India owes, of course, to the satirical plays on Islam that figure in his 1988 novel The Satanic Verses, which remains banned from importation. Nevertheless, out of solidarity with Rushdie, four other writers attending the festival read from downloaded passages of Verses during their sessions. Complaints were filed with the local police; there was talk of legal proceedings against these writers and even imprisonment for their literary acts of protest. In haste, they left. Meanwhile, the credibility of the assassination storyline was questioned by Rushdie and others, amid speculation that his all-but-forced absence — especially in light of his attending the festival in 2007 without incident — was a politically motivated strategy to curry favour with Muslim voters during India’s ongoing state elections.

Indeed, the leaders of some sectarian Muslim organizations fomented anti-Rushdie sentiment even in the author’s absence. When word spread that Rushdie was to be interviewed via video-link as the festival’s closing event, a spokesman for one Muslim organization told The Times of India “We will not allow Rushdie in any form. There will be violent protests if he speaks.” Hours before the event, protesters entered the festival grounds; one promised the same newspaper “Rivers of blood will flow here if they show Rushdie.” It was unclear, until the last minute, if the interview would happen, or who would stop it and for what reasons. The atmosphere in the packed, open-air venue was tense and electric. I was seated about 10 feet from the video screen. As a member of PEN, the writers’ organization dedicated to defending the freedom of artistic expression, I considered this an obligatory act of witness. I admit it was also personally exciting; in a profession that demands sedentary, isolated efforts that often produce only limited, isolated responses, the opportunity to be part of a consequential public event was in and of itself compelling.

My excitement abated, however, when Ram Pratap Singh, the owner of the festival venue, informed the crowd of his decision to prevent Rushdie’s interview out of safety concerns. There was some applause, presumably from would-be protesters, but also boos and calls of shame, which I could understand, but didn’t join. I was too chastened by something Singh mentioned in justifying his decision. “Cancelling (Rushdie’s interview) is unfortunate but necessary,” he said, “to avoid harm to this property, all of you, my children, and youngsters here.” Suddenly, this man was not only a decisive player at the climax of a literary and political drama: he was also a father concerned for the safety of his children. Suddenly, unhappily, I was no longer able to conceive of these events exclusively from a writer’s vantage, and I privately accepted a decision that I politically rejected.

And isn’t this why we read literature and attend literary festivals? At our best, we don’t seek to flatter ourselves for laudatory taste and impressive allegiances, but instead to be challenged to see the world and its endless knots of problems from vantages that seem starkly different from our own, vantages that, in their complicated humanity, resist reduction to the singularities of politics or religion. In a heady week full of lively conversations and impressive readings, I not only discovered that a democracy can withstand puritanical and muscular challenges made possible by the system’s very nature. I also found myself sympathizing with a banal, even cowardly decision to prevent a fellow writer from speaking, because I couldn’t deny the plainly human frame of this explosive political event, or the irreducibly human limits of my otherwise lofty commitments to free speech and artistic expression. Before coming home to my own children, this, unexpectedly, was the most meaningful literary experience I had at the greatest literary show on Earth.

Novelist Randy Boyagoda is vice-president of PEN Canada, the author of Beggars Feast (published by Perera Hussein in Sri Lanka) and the father of three.
This article first appeared in Ottawa Citizen.

Galle Literary Festival 2012

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We are looking for our next children’s books!

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Perera Hussein Publishing House is seeking manuscripts for children of all ages with a view to publication. We would like the stories to have a Sri Lankan point of view, to include humour and avoid being didactic and preachy. If you have a manuscript that you think would be ideal for children we would love to have a look at it. No submissions from children will be accepted.

Submission Details:
• Submission deadline: 30 January 2012.
• Please make and keep a copy of any manuscript you submit for yourself. We will not return stories to the sender.
• No story will be accepted unless it is accompanied by a completed submission form found below.

SUBMISSION FORM
DETAILS OF THE PERSON MAKING THE SUBMISSION
NAME:
POSTAL ADDRESS:
PHONE/FAX:
EMAIL:
AGE RANGE OF CHILDREN WHO WOULD ENJOY THIS BOOK:
BOOK/ TITLE:
AUTHOR:
WORD COUNT OF SUBMISSION:
GIVE A BRIEF SYNOPSIS OF THE STORY/POEM AND MAIN CHARACTERS (STORY ONLY). (200 words maximum)

Please submit entries by post to:
Ameena Hussein
80A Dharmapala Mawatha
Colombo 7
Sri Lanka
phpublishing@gmail.com / 4858972

Call for Submissions: Anthology of South Asian Erotica (Tranquebar Press, India)

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Be still when you have nothing to say; when genuine passion moves you, say what you’ve got to say, and say it hot. – D. H. Lawrence

Sex. You think about it, dream about it, watch it, do it, wish you were doing it, wish you weren’t, but you’d rather not write it, because it’s not respectable. Because you’re concerned it won’t be taken seriously. Because even when you do try to write about it, you find yourself holding back, out of modesty, or shame, or fear. Because you worry about how your parents or even your friends will react when they read it. Because you think you have nothing to say.

We believe you have something to say, and we want to hear it.

This call for submissions is for the second anthology of South Asian literary erotica to be published by India’s Tranquebar press. Tranquebar’s first erotica anthology, Electric Feather, was a best seller and helped erotica gain recognition in the subcontinent as an important and influential literary genre. With this second anthology, we hope to continue the success of the first one while including a greater diversity of voices and sexual experience.

What we’re looking for: Stories that are thoughtfully written, visceral and honest, involving South Asian characters, settings, and/or themes. Stories can be titillating, dark, shocking, humorous, experimental, subversive; they can involve sex with others, sex with yourself, imagined sex, sexual fetishes—it’s entirely up to you. We’re also interested in translations of erotica written in regional languages.
■ Writers should be from South Asia or the South Asian diaspora
■ Accepting fiction and narrative non-fiction
■ 2,500 – 7,000 words
■ Contributors will receive a one-time payment
■ Please attach your submission as a Word document and include a brief bio in the body of the email

Email submissions to erotica.southasia@gmail.com by January 15, 2012.

What Glass Ceiling? Rohini Nanayakkara’s memoir – A Review

Glass Ceiling – Definition: An invisible upper limit in corporations and other organizations, above which it is difficult or impossible for women to rise in the ranks.

Discrimination exists in many forms. When Michelle Gunawardane asked Rohini Nanayakkara, former Chair of the Bank of Ceylon, whether the ‘story’ she was about to relate to her would be about ‘breaking the glass ceiling’ in the area of corporate management, it was evident that it was ‘negative’ discrimination that Michelle had in mind: that unacknowledged discriminatory barrier which prevents women and minorities from rising to positions of power or responsibility within an organization.

‘Positive’ discrimination is something else altogether, and while there is nothing in the least amusing about negative discrimination (particularly to its unfortunate victim), positive discrimination has an amusing – if slightly cynical! – side. I found myself once on the Selection Board of an Australian university which was debating the appointment of a Professor of Physics. Science has never been my strong suit, and I mentioned (privately, to my neighbour) that I’d really like to know why I’d been invited to serve on this particular Board.

“It’s one of our regulations,” he told me, “that at least one member of a Selection Board should be from a department or faculty quite unconnected with the discipline that is under discussion. You are that member.”

Well, this sounded fair enough – until I looked around me and observed that I was not only the single non-scientist on the Selection Board. I was also the only person present who was neither male nor Australian-born. ‘Positive discrimination’, which had been officially set up to counter racial and gender discrimination in the work-place, had managed to merge four different personae (and four different votes!) into one.

It is most unlikely that Rohini Nanayakkara would have ever encountered racial discrimination in the course of her meteoric rise to the top of the banking ‘tree’: We graduated in the same year (1959) from the University of Ceylon at Peradeniya, and although we did so from different departments, I am positive that she and I have that happy experience in common, of our work in both classroom and examination hall being assessed entirely on its merits and not according to ‘quotas’ based on race or community as happens in some other countries in our region. As for gender discrimination – well, some old-fashioned academics in Sri Lanka did believe in the 1950s that women’s proper place was in their homes, bringing up children, and not in university staff rooms.

I met one such in Australia, a very senior Professor of Mathematics who did not like women, and did not believe any woman capable of understanding or teaching his subject. Hopeful young female candidates for mathematics were discouraged by him, personally, on the telephone. At scholarship meetings that he chaired, which another woman Professor (of History) and I attended on behalf of our students, Professor A. would begin proceedings by looking genially around the table of male academics, and saying:

“Good morning, gentlemen! Shall we begin?” A little of that sort of thing goes a long way. Since it was obvious that confrontation would be useless in his case and that, due to his attitude, our students were likely to suffer, I suggested to the Head of the English Department that he should discreetly take my place on the committee, and tackle Professor A. himself. Which he did, with excellent results for our students.

So, although Rohini Nanayakkara can look back today over her long and successful career, and cheerfully say “What glass ceiling?” we can be certain that gender discrimination must certainly have come her way in the banks at which she worked. It was inevitable that it should, for banking (like engineering) was for a very long time an area of employment that was considered unsuitable for women here and elsewhere.

The term “glass ceiling” as it operates in corporate management was, I understand, first used by two women at Hewlett-Packard in 1979, Katherine Lawrence and Marianne Schreiber, to describe how while on the surface there seemed to be a clear path of promotion, in actuality women seemed to hit a point beyond which they seemed unable to progress. Upon becoming CEO and chairwoman of the board of Hewlett-Packard, Carly Fiorina proclaimed that there was no glass ceiling. (Not unlike Rohini Nanayakkara’s reply to Michelle: “What glass ceiling?”) And yet, after her term at Hewlett-Packard, Ms Fiorina admitted that her earlier statement had been a “dumb thing to say”. The point at issue surely is, not so much whether glass ceilings exist – for they do – but how they are to be circumvented. The story that the book relates is a fascinating one. Here was a young woman totally involved with her happy life within her family, who wouldn’t have gone to University if her elder brother hadn’t paid her fees.

Apparently devoid of either ambition or a plan for the future, she made friends at Peradeniya, enjoyed the University’s social life, graduated ….and then spent ‘a lazy year’ at home with her parents. Pure chance made her spot an ad for which she applied and was successful. Following that almost accidental entry into the field in which she was to make her career – banking – came a journey which, by its smooth and seemingly unbroken progress to the top, takes the reader’s breath away.

How was this achieved? What can young women who wish to emulate her example do to make that possible? Qualities of character emerge in the course of Rohini’s frank and simply told story, which answer some, if not all, of these questions. The first of these, notable from the very start, must surely have been her openness, even as a schoolgirl, to new ideas and new experiences. If, as the saying goes, ‘Knowledge is Power’, the expertise that she has demonstrated at every stage of her rise must have been based on her willingness to listen and learn.

The second, emerging when she was an undergraduate at Hilda Obeysekere Hall, would have been her ability to organize and order her activities. Rohini would not have been the type of student who leaves an essay or examination answer unfinished, and hopes for the best. A third, I should think, would have been courage. Accepting and dealing with the challenges thrown up by corporate life after an adolescence passed quietly at home, takes bravery of a very special kind. When she became aware that her chances of success in applying for a particular appointment were under threat because she was a woman, Rohini had the courage to inquire directly (but quietly) of the Chairman whether gender considerations were likely to affect the outcome. What could he say, but: “Of course not!”

A fourth characteristic that is quite impossible to miss as the tentative, even diffident ex-student finds her feet in a world outside family, school and university, is tenacity. And a fifth, which the other four have helped to develop, must definitely be her ability to get on with people. Among the many colleagues who have helped her advance, Dr. Nimal Sanderatne and Nissanka Wijewardene are two seniors whom Rohini acknowledges with gratitude as her mentors, providing her with the assurance of fair play whenever she was threatened by discrimination.

And finally one might ask: What part did ambition play in this story of success? Many women are conditioned to believe that while ambition is a perfectly acceptable attitude for men to cultivate, the desire to soar, to excel, is dangerously unfeminine, and should therefore be off-limits for women. Many mothers and aunts become restive and nervous when girls develop interest in things other than dress and domesticity: and yet, as many life-stories demonstrate, one thing is certain – nothing can be achieved without ambition.

Rohini Nanayakkara in maturity is an elegant and very charming woman. But all the personal charm in the world cannot, by itself, impress seniors who know very well what they are about. It cannot convince anxious colleagues that they are in the presence of comradeship and not of cut-throat competition. Nor can it placate the unions, ever keen to find some flaw in senior management that calls for revolution! Beneath the gentle, quiet manner that is Rohini’s outward ‘signature’ is absolute reliability, an understanding of corporate affairs that is known by everyone she works with to be soundly based in experience, and a creative ambition to ensure that a client’s interest is always kept in view.

Here is a book that tells a story and teaches valuable lessons. My congratulations to Michelle Gunawardane, who has told it with such sensitivity, and to the publishers, Perera Hussein, who have given it such an attractive presentation.

Reviewed by Yasmine Gooneratne. What Glass Ceiling? The memoirs of Rohini Nanayakkara as told to Michelle Gunawardana. Bay Owl Press, Colombo. 2011. Paperback. 166 pages. Rs. 800

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